Chemistry planning and designing lab :: essays research papers

LabDateTopic The reactivity seriesProblem Which of the following metals are more reactive with acids magnesium, zinc, aluminum, iron, lead, and copper? supposition aluminum is the most reactive with acids because it occurs in group III.Aim To perform a comparative test on which metal is the most reactive with acids. investigate A comparative test is done utilise time to find which metal has the fastest reply Skill P & DApparatus Equipment 1. 6 beakers2. Water3. Measuring cylinder4. Watch or ClockMaterials 1. Aluminum foil2.Copper coin3.Lead pellets4.Zinc from a battery5. Magnesium from Antacid6. Iron ShavingsReagents 1. HCl function 1 Rinse the containers with distilled water.2. Pour 25cm3 of HCl in each beaker by use of measuring cylinder.3.Insert each of the different sample metals into a beaker one at a time.4.Observe and record the amount of time before the reaction stops with clock.5. Make a table of your observations.6. Setup a control using water as the reagent.Variables Independent Aluminum foil, Copper coin, lead pellets, Zinc from a battery,Magnesium from Antacid, and Iron Shavings.Dependent Reaction TimeControlled HClControl This is an identical experiment using water as your reagent.Data The reaction time for the different metals , to show which is the most reactive in acids.MetalsReaction Time/seconds in acids.MagnesiumAluminumZincIronCopperPrediction Aluminum will be the most reactive because it is in group 3 which has the least amount of electrons to loose.Results The results for reaction time of the different metals, to show which is the most reactive in acids.

How to Deal with Moral Differences :: Papers Ethics Morality

How to Deal with Moral Differences The first behavior is to believe there are no virtuously right or wrong viewpoints. The righteous slew is just a cultural game and neither your opinions or mine matters.Therefore there is no right or wrong. This view is called moral nihilism. think to this root is moral skepticism, which holds that we cant know anymoral truths, and moral subjectivism, which holds that moral views aremerely inner states in a roughlyone and that they cant be compared to the innerstates of another person. However believing in the above solves no problems,if nobody is right and nobody is wrong.The second way is to believe that there is no universal truth, that each culturehas its own set of dominates that are valid and apply to that culture, they get intotinterfere with our rules and we dont interfere with theirs, this is called ethicalrelativism. This belief is viewed as an attitude of tolerance. This belief solvesconflicts in the idea that whate ver the majority deems to be the moral rule isthe rule to follow.The third belief is that deep down in spite of all the cultures differences we callall still agree on a certain moral basics, that people everywhere have basicallythe same human nature but that we just adapt it into our environment, thisidea is called Soft Universalism. Universalism because it perceives that thereare some universal moral rules soft because it is not as radical as harduniversalism. This belief can solve problems because its main goal is to seek reciprocal ground beneath the variety of opinions and mores.The fourth belief is called hard universalism, this is the absolute opposite ofmoral nihilism stating that there is only one universal moral code. This beliefsolves problems with hard evidence and reason.Problems with Ethical Relativism(1) No Criticism or Praise of Other Cultures, we need to criticize or praise othercultures ethical motive to maintain our own moral integrity.(2) Majority Rule, the i dea of the majority always being right is just not rational.(3) Professed or Actual Morality? this is the idea that a certain kind of behavior isnormal, but what is normal? for example when a company was asked aboutinfidelity the majority was against it but when the same group was asked if theyhad committed it, the majority had.(4) What is a Majority? In the instance of euthanasia if a law is passed tomorrow

The Sound And The Fury (madison Scouts) :: essays research papers fc

The roar of extreme sound emanates from a football field. It is draw in that this is not an ordinary high school marching band playing at a football game. These ar puzzle and Bugle Corps, boasting an instrumentation of all brass and percussion instruments. This arrangement of instruments croup create an enormous amount of sound, sometimes louder than a rock music concert. Due to their thorough auditioning processes, they look at a group of musicians, who can play extremely well, all of whom are brought together to entertain the crowds on their triplet month tour in the summer. Their coating is not just entertainment, but to end up on the top of the order when all is said and done at the championships. In 1972, several thrum and Bugle corps, who wanted to perform competitively against each other, embarked on a venture to create their own rules of performance. The original rules were set forth by the American Legion and Veterans of Foreign Wars posts, from whom competitive Dru m Corps was given birth. The competing units had little to say in any modification of rules. From this new coalition, Drum Corps International (DCI) arose. The Madison Scouts, one of these charter members of DCI, were originally formed as a division of a Boy Scout troop in 1938, so that Madison would have their own Drum and Bugle Corps to resemble the Racine Scouts Corps. Each year 125 men, ages sixteen to twenty-one, come together for three months, practicing an average of eight hours every day in the summer, to put together the production for the coming competitive season. Each year the Madison Scouts thrill audiences with their giving and power, creativity, and an emphasis on entertainment to consistently become one of the crowds favorite corps.Amazing us with the sound they can generate, the Madison Scouts are known as "The guys who can blow the corks right out of their spit valves". This is an unattainable feat, unless you are using tremendous amounts of air and pressu re most professional players cannot do this. The Madison Scouts are noted for tapping into this unbridled power which their musicians possess. They utilize extreme variation in dynamic levels. Like adjusting the volume on a stereo, this is how loud and soft the tout ensemble gets as a whole. They create an atmosphere on the football field which draws in the audience. Their soprano bugles are renowned for pushing the limits of their playable range by not only playing high "C", but going further to play high "G" above high "C".

Has The De Beer Diamond Lost I :: essays research papers

"And while the law of competition may be sometimes hard for the individual, it is best for the race, because it ensures the excerpt of the fittest in every department."-Andrew Carnegie Since the 1930s when Sir Ernest Oppenheimer established the central Selling Organisation, De Beers Consolidated Mines have controlled the selling and marketing of approximately 80% of the worlds bungling ball field production (Capon, 1998). However, in 1996, Australian company, Argyle, stunned the world by announcing that they would no longer market diamonds through De Beers C.S.O. Many economists predicted that Argyle wouldnt be able to compete against the mammoth De Beers. Yet in the year to December 31, Argyle recorded a profit of $142.5 million, an increase of 76% (Treadgold, 1999). De Beers is currently flavour like losing the monopoly it has had on the diamond industry for almost seventy years.A monopoly is an industry in which there is only one organisation that supplies a item goo d, service or resource which has no other similar alternatives. Monopolies are created by barriers which restrict the entry of new organisations (McTaggart et al, 1999). In a perfect monopoly, the vender has total control over the quantity of goods or services available for sale and the price at which the items are sold (Butterworths Business .. Dictionary, 1997). De Beers Consolidated Mines Central Selling Organisation has had a monopoly on the selling of rough diamonds since the 1930s.A monopoly industry is characterised by having no close substitutes. Although there are substitutes for diamonds such as rubies, emeralds and cubic zirconias, many believe that there are no other gems that exhibit the same beauty of the diamond. Perhaps this belief was created out of De Beers advertising campaign, A Diamond is Forever (Capon, 1998, pg 6) which began in 1947. Whatever the reason that consumers want diamonds, and diamonds only, doesnt matter. Consumers demand the real thing and will p ay for the luxury.The second factor which creates a monopoly market are barriers to enter the market. Common barriers to entry include licenses, patents, entry lags, economics of scale and control of inputs (Browning & Browning, 1989). Control of inputs is the factor that constricts entry into the diamond industry. De Beers Consolidated Mines of South Africa, through its ownership of mines and its central sales organisation, controls 85 percent of the worlds diamond output (Browning & Browning, 1989, pg 330).

The Lives of the Inuit Essay -- World Civilization

When you mention Alaska and the Arctic Circle, one envisions igloos, dog sleds, and invariably, Eskimos. However, little do some know, that what most refer to as Eskimos is actually a generalisation representing three distinct groups. In order to understand the societies that live in this persona and acknowledge their cultural differences we must explore the different groups that inhabit this region of which there are two the Inuit, and the Yupik.For the purposes of this discussion we will focus on the lives of the Inuit. The Inuit are a group of people often mischaracterized as Eskimos. They lived in the neighborhood of central and northeastern Canada and Greenland. There has been much discussion of the orignination of this group of people but the most recognized theory is that they crossed from northern Asia across write out bridge of land over the Bering Strait sometime around 6000-2000 BC. Many people mistakenly think that the Inuit and Native Americans are one in the same. It seems that the Inuit most likely came from Asia more likely than the Native Americans. Although both probably came to the Americas through the Bering Strait. Biological, cultural and dialect differences show the different origin. Much of this theory is supported payable to the close resemblance of the Inuit to the Mongoloid races of Eastern Asia. Because of the harsh land and climate of the Arctic, this area was probably one of the last regions to be inhabited making the Inuit on of the earths younger cultures. A large portion of the Inuit culture was developed based upon the need to survive. Migratory societies such as the Inuit were driven by the need for food to feed its members, by the availability of trade to secure resources not normally available ... ...ith many fluctuations in prices due to fashion trends, specially in Europe. With the growth of the animal rights movement in the 1960s, fur prices decreased to the point that the industry was only barely susta inable. At the same time, the HBC trading posts had morphed into retail stores, and were doing a different kind of business across the North. They exist today as the Northern Store in the communities, a sort of grocery convinced(p) department store.Works Cited Jones, J. Sidney. (2012). Inuit, . Retrieved March 11, 2012, from http//www.everyculture.com The Inuit Culture. (2009). Retrieved March 10, 2012, from http//www.mythicjourneys.org Frederic V. Grunfeld (Ed.), Oker Spiele der Welt II. (in German) Fischer, Frankfurt/M 1984. ISBN 3-596-23075-6 Pulaarvik Friendship Kablu Centre (2007). Retrieved March 7,2012, from http//www.pulaarvik.ca

The Lives of the Inuit Essay -- World Civilization

When you mention Alaska and the Arctic Circle, one envisions igloos, dog sleds, and invariably, Eskimos. However, little do most know, that what most reference to as Eskimos is actually a generalization representing three distinct groups. In order to understand the societies that live in this region and acknowledge their cultural differences we moldiness explore the diverse groups that inhabit this region of which there are two the Inuit, and the Yupik.For the purposes of this discussion we will focus on the lives of the Inuit. The Inuit are a group of commonwealth often mischaracterized as Eskimos. They lived in the area of central and northeastern Canada and Greenland. There has been much discussion of the orignination of this group of people but the most recognized possibility is that they crossed from northern Asia across thin bridge of land over the Bering Strait sometime around 6000-2000 BC. Many people mistakenly think that the Inuit and primal Americans are one in the same. It seems that the Inuit most likely came from Asia more likely than the Native Americans. Although both probably came to the Americas through the Bering Strait. Biological, cultural and dialect differences show the different origin. Much of this theory is supported due to the close resemblance of the Inuit to the Mongoloid races of Eastern Asia. Because of the harsh land and climate of the Arctic, this area was probably one of the exit regions to be inhabited making the Inuit on of the earths younger cultures. A large portion of the Inuit culture was developed based upon the need to survive. migrant societies such as the Inuit were driven by the need for food to feed its members, by the availability of trade to secure resources not normally available ... ...ith umteen fluctuations in prices due to fashion trends, especially in Europe. With the growth of the animal rights movement in the 1960s, fur prices decreased to the point that the industry was only except sus tainable. At the same time, the HBC trading posts had morphed into retail stores, and were doing a different kind of business across the North. They exist today as the Northern Store in the communities, a sort of grocery plus department store.Works Cited Jones, J. Sidney. (2012). Inuit, . Retrieved March 11, 2012, from http//www.everyculture.com The Inuit Culture. (2009). Retrieved March 10, 2012, from http//www.mythicjourneys.org Frederic V. Grunfeld (Ed.), Oker Spiele der Welt II. (in German) Fischer, Frankfurt/M 1984. ISBN 3-596-23075-6 Pulaarvik Friendship Kablu Centre (2007). Retrieved March 7,2012, from http//www.pulaarvik.ca

Battered Woman Syndrome

The phrase battered woman syndrome was first coined by baby buggy to provide a clear picture about the recurrent events of violence occurring in a relationship. In this concept, some psychological structures are defined much(prenominal) as learned helplessness. This terminology will aid in the discussion of the causas behind why certain women, who experience violence and assault, still remain and hold fast to the batterer and their relationship.Battered woman syndrome has become the subject of court cases in the past years, ranging from the prosecution of the batterers up to the testimonies of the battered woman. It is also traditionally applied as a reason for self-defense of a woman, who is believed to be in an imminent danger at the time she killed the batterer (McCann, Shindler and Hammond, 2004). However, issues conjure in response to this traditionally accepted claim of the victim. one(a) of which is that battered women are masochists.Fulero and Wrightsman (2009) tackled i ssues about the battered woman syndrome. They also compiled myths about the battered woman syndrome and one of which is the masochism of battered women. Since it is a myth, there are scant(predicate) proof that the said issue is true and f be amazeual. Englander (2007) further added that theories about masochism as being normal for women have no scientific foundation and empirical info to support these theories. It is also not necessary that a woman experiencing battered woman syndrome is a masochist.Different angles of the issue must be viewed first. Consider the social positioning of the person because having an inferior social status does not necessarily mean that one is masochistic. Consider also her behavior. Although she behaves masochistically, it does not necessarily mean that she is suffering from masochism. Her act of masochism may be due to the fact that she needs to increase her chances of surviving or to eliminate the tension building inside her. A woman may not be able to leave her husband because of the benefit she gains from him (e. g., her children has father) or she cannot find any other man to satisfy her emotional needs (Rancour-Laferriere, 1995). former(a) factors to train would include the following social or financial dependence on spouse, insufficient marketing skills, limited independence and mobility due to continuous childbearing, hesitancy about the severity of the problem, fear of becoming single, poor and alone, and knowledge deficit about other options that may help her (Englander, 2007). If a woman is a masochist, whence she enjoys the suffering or the pain inflicted to her.However, Okun (1986) noted that masochism enlisted here does not imply enjoyment of suffering. Instead the suffering is endured because of the womans low self-esteem and failure to understand her employment in their relationship. Battered women are then suggested to be suffering from a subtype of anxiety related disorder. It is said to be under the su bclassification of post traumatic straining disorder (PTSD) since the cyclical act of violence has become a serious threat to the health of the victim and her life.The battered woman often reports flashbacks, nightmares, emotional detachment, numbness, quiescence problems, disrupted concentration, hypervigilance, startled response, guilt, and fears of experiencing recurrent violence. Other symptoms would include depression, indecisiveness, low self-esteem, self-blame, passiveness, social isolation, and unwillingness to seek help from others (Keltner, Schwecke and Bostrom, 2007). In conclusion, one must first consider several factors before making assumptions about battered women.They may have some psychiatric disorders that render them incapable of leaving their abusive partner. They may have deeper reasons why they chose to experience physical rather than emotional pain. Knowing that some of these women are mothers, their love for their children may be the only bond that ties her to an abusive partner. References Englander, E. K. (2007). soul Violence (3rd ed. ). USA Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Fulero, S. M. & Wrightsman, L. S. (2009). Forensic Psychology (3rd ed. ). USA Wadsworth. Keltner, N. L. , Schwecke, L.H. & Bostrom, C. L. (2007). Psychiatric Nursing (5th ed. ). USA Elsevier. McCann, J. T. , Shindler, K. L. , & Hammond, T. R. (2004). The Science and Pseudoscience of Ecpert Testimony. In S. O. Lilienfeld, S. J. Lynn, J. M. Lohr, & C. Tavris. (Ed. ) Science and Pseudoscience of Clinical Psychology. USA The Guilford Press. Okun, L. (1986). Woman step Facts Replacing Myths. USA State University New York Press Rancour-Laferriere, D. (1995). The Slave Soul of Russia Moral Masochism and the Cult of Suffering. USA New York University Press.

Computer Programing Engineering

Why did I film information process system Programing Engineering major? In todays world there be all in all sorts of challenges to excite the keenest minds around its surroundings. To meet these challenges unrivalled would provoke to invent new techniques, new instruments and new approaches, which could easily open windows into the unknown bea of nature and take away us to work at frontiers of science and contri alonee to world stock of knowledge. To compete with these scientific advances, engineering and scientific study are the depict elements for a new innovation and research programs.My long term goal was to be a Computer engineer. The guy from a village that no one has hear of and who had to cross various paths and lastly made it here and that person is me. This has been my childhood ambition to study for Computer engineer program. As I hear from my amply school t separatelyers, XYZ has the finest and excellent Computer engineering program in the country. My dream has certainly come alive I am still analyse and works hard to achieve my childhood dream. XYZ is an exemplary and a top standard university in State. I feel proud to be a assimilator in this university.Before my day at this university, I came to see a significant amount active this field. I spoke with few modern Computer engineers, and asked them questions about their career. afterwards spending time with those engineers, I came to realize that computer engineer are needed for various jobs all around the globe, and the work is tedious but in the end the computer engineers get paid hefty for their works. Most of the time computer engineers deal with designing and manufacturing memory systems, peripheral devices, and central processing units.Computers are part of our daily life. We use them from microwave machines to smart phones and including cars. This creates an enormous eccentric for production and manufacturing of new products all around the world. One of the best examples comes from the orchard apple tree Company, each time when a person uses his or her iPhone or iPad they see a little note at the bottom that says the product was designed in atomic number 20 and manufactured in China. This in like manner brings the needs of every computer engineer for various jobs.A computer engineer could work with CAD for an machine familiarity or establish a data room for the government buildings or simply create a website for someones needs. I choose Computer engineering as my major for many reasons. First, I am extremely innovative in subjects working with programing and fixing microprocessors, and I also revere in them. Second is due to the benefits of income and the prolonged need of computer engineers everywhere around the world today. After my graduation from here, I am hoping to have a job that will financially take care of me and also excite me every day about my work.I have also planned my goals for approaching semesters in XYZ Computer program. I am look ing forward towards all my classes and its activities and new subjects to study. In order to see my future in a fracture place, I have set my goals towards hard working in my life in here at XYZ, and hoping that after four more years Ill finally have my goal achieved. Until then, I will keep my mind and body managemented to the task at hand, so I have naught to focus other than my studies.Computer Programing EngineeringWhy did I choose Computer Programing Engineering major? In todays world there exist all sorts of challenges to excite the keenest minds around its surroundings. To meet these challenges one would have to invent new techniques, new instruments and new approaches, which could easily open windows into the unknown area of nature and lead us to work at frontiers of science and contribute to world stock of knowledge. To compete with these scientific advances, engineering and scientific study are the key elements for a new innovation and research programs.My long term goa l was to be a Computer engineer. The guy from a village that no one has heard of and who had to cross various paths and finally made it here and that person is me. This has been my childhood ambition to study for Computer engineer program. As I heard from my high school teachers, XYZ has the finest and excellent Computer engineering program in the country. My dream has certainly come alive I am still studying and working hard to achieve my childhood dream. XYZ is an exemplary and a top standard university in State. I feel proud to be a student in this university.Before my day at this university, I came to see a significant amount about this field. I spoke with few modern Computer engineers, and asked them questions about their career. After spending time with those engineers, I came to realize that computer engineer are needed for various jobs all around the globe, and the work is tedious but in the end the computer engineers get paid hefty for their works. Most of the time computer engineers deal with designing and manufacturing memory systems, peripheral devices, and central processing units.Computers are part of our daily life. We use them from microwave machines to smart phones and including cars. This creates an enormous eccentric for production and manufacturing of new products all around the world. One of the best examples comes from the Apple Company, each time when a person uses his or her iPhone or iPad they see a little note at the bottom that says the product was designed in California and manufactured in China. This also brings the needs of every computer engineer for various jobs.A computer engineer could work with CAD for an auto company or establish a data room for the government buildings or simply create a website for someones needs. I choose Computer engineering as my major for many reasons. First, I am extremely innovative in subjects working with programing and fixing microprocessors, and I also adore in them. Second is due to the benefits of income and the prolonged need of computer engineers everywhere around the world today. After my graduation from here, I am hoping to have a job that will financially take care of me and also excite me every day about my work.I have also planned my goals for upcoming semesters in XYZ Computer program. I am looking forward towards all my classes and its activities and new subjects to study. In order to see my future in a better place, I have set my goals towards hard working in my life in here at XYZ, and hoping that after four more years Ill finally have my goal achieved. Until then, I will keep my mind and body focused to the task at hand, so I have nothing to focus other than my studies.

In measure for measure,the characters of Angelo and Isabella are similar

In measure for measure there ar two characters that at showtime glance seem to be from two different worlds moreover a closer analysis shows that they are actually very similar. This is the case with Angelo and Isabella. When we first acquire Angelo we see a ruthless leader who enforces the law as severely as he can and Isabella is the complete opposite, she is a virtuous and chaste adolescent woman who was ready to devote her life to God. Both Angelo and Isabella have strict moral views they both exhibit pride and are guilty of self deception.In scene, when Isabella and Angelo first meet straight away we can distinguish the similarities between them. For example, Isabella uses the same language as Angelo and the two of them are able to finish all(prenominal) others sentences indicating that they are on the same thinking level and that they are actually not that different as both knew what the other was intending on saying. Isabella like Angelo is denying her sexuality. Isabell a uses godliness as a repression of sexuality where as Angelo represses his sexuality by enforcing harsh rules in capital of Austria regarding fornification and does not allow himself to express any feelings openly.One could signal that both Angelo and Isabella are sexually frustrated. Isabella is a pure and chaste young woman who happens to be in a corrupted society and it could be argued that her purpose to join the nunnery was a way of sexual control and that she does not trust herself in the society that she is in and needs restraint but rather regard a more strict restraint (14,L3). Angelo is a puritan and as a puritan he has to be able to control his sexuality which is why he doesnt express he desires or emotions and this leads to characters describing him as a man whose blood is very snow broth and in his soliloquy Angelo cant describe what he is feeling towards Isabella because he was never able to speak out openly about sex, emotions, love etc. Whats this? Whats this? ( 22, L 164) .For both of these characters repressing their sexuality discourages the earshot from identifying with them.Another similarity that Angelo and Isabella both share is that they are put in a sordid situation by the Duke. The Duke put Angelo in charge of violence whilst he left knowing full well that Angelo is a man made out of steel and will enforce the strict laws and as a result Claudio was condemned for fornification by Angelo who led to Isabella pleading for his life. The Duke is the only character who could intervene but chose not to. Isabella and Angelo are both troubled characters struggling to come to wrong with their own inner nature. Both characters share their feelings and thoughts with he audience in soliloquy. Angelo (22) and Isabella (24) this is the only time that the audience can begin to understand these characters more and are able to empathise with them.One could argue that some other feature both of these characters share is hypocrisy Angelo is an au thoritive figure but does not practice what he preaches. He is a hypocritical character because he is condemning Claudio for fornification whilst going against his own law by asking Isabella to sleep with him.Similarly, Isabella readiness to give away another persons chastity (Marianna) is quite hypocritical because she refused to give up her own chastity because it was not morally right but was quite eager for Marianna to give up hers. It could also be argued that both Angelo and Isabella are selfish characters. Angelos selfishness is unmixed in the way he abandoned Marianna due a lack of dowry and Isabellas selfishness is evident in the way she was prepared to value her own virginity more than her brothers life and the fact that she wanted Marinna to give up her virginity could also be seen as a selfish act.Both Isabella and Angelo are proud characters. Angelo is a proud man because he will not back down from enforcing the severe laws in Vienna even when Isabella pleads with him to spare her brothers life. I think Angelo feels that if he backs down then people will begin to take advantage of him as they did with the Duke so I think he feels its imperative to be proud and watch overable because that is the only way people will know you mean business and will bearing up to you. Isabella is a proud character in the reason that she would rather her brother lost his life rather than her give up her virginity to save him. To Isabella honour and pride means more than saving her own flesh and blood. Die, perish.not words to save theeIn conclusion, many critics have noted the similarity between Isabella and Angelo D.L Stevenson in his book, The Achievements of Measure for Measure, Ithaca 1966 notes the similarities between Angelo and Isabella, He claims She is kind of observe of Angelo the play is only allowed to come to an end only at the moment of exact equality between Isabella and Angelo. It only ends s when Isabella has really become the thing she has argued for in Act II, merciful (against all sense the duke points out). What D.L Stevenson is arguing here is that in a sense Isabella looked up to Angelo because he was this authorative male figure but Isabella is also a strong female who was able to withstand pressure from this authoritive male figure.I approve with D.L Stevenson, I think that Isabella does look up to Angelo because he is a proud, authoritive being and I think in a way Isabella actually see a bit of herself in Angelo in the sense that neither of them can express themselves sexually as freely as they would have liked to therefore they indemnify to extreme situations to avoid confronting their true inner selves. They are both proud yet hypocritical characters who dont see any wrong in their own actions but are quick to blame others, for Isabella a prime example is when Claudio asked her to give up her virginity and she was outraged by what he suggested O you beast, O unfaithful coward, O, dishonest wretch but yet she e xpected Marianna to do the exact thing she refused to do.

The Portman Hotel Case Study

The Portman Hotel Company was a relatively sm every last(predicate) hotel with only 348 rooms and 21 floors located in San Franciscos booming hotel district. It was influenced with Asian philosophy of services, to provide high quality hospitality to its guest at affordable rates. On paper, the hotel sounded kindred a great success, one that would definitely flourish amongst the competition. However, even with this philosophy, there were many problems that plagued the Portman Hotel. A few examples of these problems are the common mistake of fundamental ascription demerit (FAE), expectancy scheme, as well as operant conditional theory.This essay go bring out explicate how these three things can potentially bring raven an entire company very quickly. First we will look at FAE and how it relates to the Portman Hotel. To find an example of FAE located in The Portman Hotel case, we must commencement ceremony define what FAE exactly is. Fundamental Attribution Error is the tendency to over-value dispositional or personality-based explanations for the observed behaviors of others while under-valuing situational explanations for those behaviors. It is typically most visible when plurality explain the behavior to others.Essentially, what FAE suggests, is that we, as human beings, tend to be too judgmental of others without actually seeing that there might be external factors causation that individuals behavior. Now that we have defined exactly what FAE is, we can bring forth to identify an example of this contained within the case. One great example of this common error in action involves the personal valets (PVs) of the company and Spencer Scott. Scott criticizes the PVs for always fetching on additional tasks and pursuing peeled emergencys and even states that they pauperism to do everything, which causes them to suffer short attention spans.He is so focused on the PVs being a group of freethinkers that he has failed to remember his companies purpose, w hich is to cater to every entrust the hotel guests might have. He has failed to realize that the guests are to blame for ordering the PVs around getting them to tend to their every need. In this precise case, the guests are the external environmental forces that are ca utilize the behavior. If Scott had realized that his employees were just doing their job, then his opinion of them would be a lot different and would father to realize that he might need to change something about the companies day-to-day processes.Next we will discuss the Expectancy Theory (ET) and how it relates to this case. Again, first we must define what exactly ET is before we can know how it relates to this case. ET proposes that a person will decide to behave or act in a certain way because they are motivated to select a specific behavior over other behaviors due to what they expect the result of that selected behavior will be. Now that we have defined what ET is we can relate it to the case. Due to the am icable and environmental forces pushing down on certain PVs, they tend to engage in shirking.An example of this act is when a few PVs began to be wasted and not do their fair share of the work, other PVs had to begin picking up the slack of their colleagues. After a while of doing this, they began to wonder why they were functional twice as hard and getting paid the exact same. The PVs that were picking up the slack for the others then became less motivated to perform which lead to all of the valets lost their sense of responsibility. So to go back to the original definition, the PVs that were originally working harder than the others began to work less hard because they knew that they werent going to be fired.Lastly, we will look at the Operant Conditional Theory to see why supervisors would choose to avoid using the Portmans disciplinary procedures. Operant conditional theory is defined as, getting people to do things because they want to by applying positive and negative reinfo rcements to move them in a particular way. The supervisors of the Portman Hotel were adamant about avoiding ceremonial disciplinary actions towards their employees. The supervisors believed that discipline was actually going against what the hotels philosophy was.Therefore, instead they used positive reinforcement under the operant conditioning theory as a means to motivate the poor performers. Spencer Scott tried to persuade the poor performers to believe that good performance had many rewards, such as good tips. He felt that with showing the valets the benefits of working hard for the guests, that those same guests would in return graciously reward them. Now that we have analyzed and pointed out the flaws of the Portman Hotel, we can begin to describe some simple solutions to these problems.First, with the FAE, the problem is with management. If Spencer Scott attempted to figure out why his PVs were running around everywhere he might figure out the source of the problem, instead of jumping to conclusions as he did. He might explore other options such as hiring additional PVs so that the current ones arent always so busy, or attempt to figure out a different strategy in assisting the guests with their high demands. Secondly, we must analyze the problem with the PVs and their unbroken habit of shirking and how we could fix it. Shirking is a horrid habit that happens in a lot of work places no matter what industry a person is in. The difficulty is finding a way to overcome these types of action and being effective at it. One way to overcome this dilemma is to begin to figure out which few are the individuals initially starting it and begin to discipline them accordingly. If discipline is not the answer, the managers could sit the entire PV staff down at once and explain that they are beginning to notice a downward trend in performance and that there will be a new set standard for what the expectations are.With this new standard, if anyone fails to meet the s tandards of work, then they will be disciplined and eventually let go if it continues. Finally, we have the obstacle of the supervisors choosing to avoid using the Portmans elaborate disciplinary procedures. Unfortunately, implementing a formal system of disciplinary actions would be violating the ideals that Portman wanted to establish. The solution for this would be for the management team to be stricter on their expectations of the employees.I feel that the good employees are not being praised enough for their actions while the bad employees continually get worse. It is a common behavioral understanding that people want to reach and operate at the normal level of standards and not do anything more or less. In order for them to strive to be go against employees, there must be a rewards system in place. Performance reviews should be put in place to analyze, which employees are the good employees and which are the bad employees.Once management establishes this, they will begin to u nderstand where the problems are and how to correct them/discipline them by giving them written warnings. All in all, there are numerous obstacles that each and every company has to overcome throughout the companys lifemagazine. Some are easily remedied while others take much more time and thought to correct. Using the theories FAE, ET, and Operant Conditioning, almost any company can begin to understand where the real problems consist, which will allow that company to begin taking action and fixing them.

Office Management – Assessment 1

Levels of Decision Making Overview Strategic ending making is when decisions argon made to determine the retentive term direction of an organisation at the highest aim within the organisation. According to Gregory Hamel (Hamel, G. 2008) (Small business, 2012) Strategic decision making is an on-going do work that involves creating strategies to hand goals and altering strategies based on observed outcomes. Operational decision making is a short term decision made within an organisation which involves the day to day running of the organisation. These short term decisions are usually made by the spatial relation coach.According to Npower (Business Case Studies) Often these decisions are administrative in nature and can be implemented quickly and tend to broaden a gnomish endangerment and are smaller scale, but are never the less important choices that people nurture to make to fulfil their role. Strategic Decision Implementing that laptops are to be used by partners while out of the office would be a strategic decision. There are lots of hassles with the partners being out of the office and with the use of laptops as communication tools this will provide a direct link betwixt the office lag and the partners.I believe that this is a strategic decision as with the right planning and overseeing the development this could really be a step forward for Classic Interiors because work can be exchanged among partners and the office and messages can be passed on effectively meaning that in that location wont be a build-up of work or office lag with no work and communication between everyone will be made a lot easier. Operational Decision Stipulating a lunch time for from each one staff member would be an organisational decision. The current system for lunch time is not convenient as the employees get to decide when they go as long as one of them is in the office.I believe this is an operational decision because if affects the day to day running of the orga nisation. If the administrators were set a lunch hour each they would have to stick to it and get used to working alongside the time set. Role of Office Manager Operational Planning Process As the office bring home the baconr my role in establishing a new routine for lunch hour would be to organise a meeting to communicate the proposed changes with administrators and gain their views. Then I would create a plan to put forward to the administrators and partners.When a decision has been reached and the new plan is put into action I would have to oversee the set ahead of the plan gathering feedback at every opportunity. Issues There is increased frustration between partners and administrators due to the partners carrying out task they believe the administrators could be doing which would free up more time for the partners. The solution to this would be to for all administrators to be trained how to use the specialist interior design software, this would enable them to alleviate the w ork ladle from the partners and feel more involved in the design side of their work.This would likely be time consuming to train the administrators but the overall outcome would be beneficial to the company. The relationship between partners and the administrators is jumping due to the partners being out of the office as communication is often via short telephone messages and emails which has led to selective information being mis-communicated. The solution would be to introduce the use of PDAs (Personal digital Assistants) for partners to be able to communicate with administrators.This would enable the administrators to contact the partners if a problem arises while carrying out work so that no mistakes are made and also they would be able to check their diaries to make appointments without the chance of double booking. s messaging could also help with communication as they are received instantly and can be replied to in seconds. Financial Planning and Budgetary ascendancy Fin ancial Planning According to Jim Priebe (ehow) A financial plan is like a blue print. It is a description of what you want to achieve and the tools you need to achieve it.Financial planning is the process of asking questions to ensure that you manage your risk against unexpected events. Managers need to be able to exercise adjudge over the organisation that they manage to make sure that financial plans are being achieved both for the long term and the short term. Benefits of financial planning are 1 Reducing the risk of a financial crisis. 2 Allows you to understand how each financial decision made affects other areas of finance. Barriers of financial planning are 1 It can be time consuming 2 Can be costly as will involve accountants. Budgetary ControlBudgetary control is precise control of an organisations operations through establishment of standards and targets concerning income and expenditure. Continuous monitoring is required to be effective. Benefits of budgetary control ar e 1 Coordinates activities across departments. 2 Provides a record of organisational activities. Barriers of budgetary control are 1 Budgets can demotivate staff. 2 May cause competition for resources. Effective Delegation Delegation is the distribution of tasks by the office manager. Giving responsibilities to employees to carry out the work but the work will remain liable to the office manager.When delegation is carried out properly very good results and high productiveness can be achieved. The Process of Delegation Delegation can be very difficult. The process of delegation is 1 Define the task 2 mete out the Individual 3 Explain what must be achieved (clear instructions) 4 Discuss requirement to completion 5 Agree a deadline 6 Be there for support 7 Always give feedback Benefits Time management would be a benefit of delegation as this would allow partners to delegate work so that they have a more manageable work load.Delegating tasks will motivate staff and increase productivit y. Barriers Forcing someone to do a task that they dont want to or are not capable of would be a barrier, this can be seen in the case topic when Izzy asked one of the administrators to just practise what had been done before. This lead to the administrator getting upset and Izzy feeling unable to approach anyone else. This could have been avoided by management setting out a operation for staff to follow and allocating the task to someone suitable.Confusion about who is ultimately responsible for tasks is a barrier to effective delegation, this can be seen in the case study as partners are frustrated because they believe that administration is responsible for some of their tasks. This can be corrected by training administrators to make the delegation process easier. Leadership Models I think Tomi uses democratic leadership. As Tomi involves the staff in the decision making process of meeting times and encouraged staff to ecstasy their opinions which made the administrators feel like what they said mattered.I believe Izzi uses magisterial Leadership. When Izzi was in charge she would decide the times of meetings even when it was inconvenient to the others meaning work started to suffer which she then thought they could not manage and devised a new procedure which is hopeless but Izzi cannot see this. Staff find it difficult to communicate with her. Autocratic Leadership works where there is no need for input on the decisions and Democratic leadership works when a leader seeks help and guidance from staff to make decisions.Democratic leadership The impact of this leadership expression is that it gives staff a voice and they are able to communicate better with management. Democratic leadership style encourages better cooperation and motivates staff because they feel well informed in everything that affects their work. Autocratic Leadership The impact of this leadership style is that it fails to motivate staff and they feel squeeze to do things managements way although It is not always the best way and staff become stressed being pushed.Autocratic leadership style encourages no communication between staff and management as management make all the decisions based on what they feel is best for the organisation. References Hamel, G. (2008) What is strategic Decision Making http//smallbusiness. chron. com/strategic-decision-making-23782. html Npower. evolution people through decision making http//businesscasestudies. co. uk/npower/developing-people-through-decision-making/tactical-decisions. html Priebe, J. What is the purpose of Financial Planning http//www. ehow. com/info_7755005_purpose-financial-plan. html

Obamacare Cons Essay

Even though ObamaC atomic number 18 does a lot right, it does bedevil many consequences for specific groups of Americans. ObamaCare does hurt a small fate of small businesses, has had a negative effect on restitution premiums and has made roughly reforms that have hurt some medical industries and their call oners.Here are some of the cons of the healthcare billObamaCare Cons Taxes on Small Business2% of firms in the US have over 50 full-time employees and willing have to adopt to insure full-time workers or pay a beauteous. To avoid this some businesses will cut employee hours or not hire. Some things worth noting are that the fine isnt paid for your first 30 workers. Also, many businesses are coming up with solutions that dont hurt the workforce such as passing(a) the extra costs onto consumers. Please be aware that when politicians say, small business they are also referring to the top 3% of small businesses who include Hedge bullion which use loopholes to pass as small businesses.ObamaCare Cons Religious Beliefs at that place is some argument over ObamaCare living womens health services like contraception. There are exceptions built into the law to refuse to provide these services to women based on religious grounds, but this has non the less been causing issues on the ground, in the semipolitical arena and in the courts.ObamaCare Cons Rising PremiumsObamaCare doesnt raise premiums itself. In fact, it reforms the insurance industry, finding ways to drive down costs, make the quality of insurance smash and prevent insurance company abuses like . Unfortunately, many provisions of ObamaCare that offer protections to consumers do not go into law until 2014. In the meantime, premium rates have been rising at alarming rates. ObamaCare doesnt offer a protection beyond allowing states to enact the provision against price gouging. Many States are enforcing this, whileothers arent.ObamaCare Cons ObamaCare insurance ExchangesAnother con of ObamaCare is t hat 21 states planning to or are opting out of the State Run Exchanges, letting the federal government run their exchanges for them. The claim is that this is a cost cutting measure for the State, however the truth is much more complicated. This provision was meant to be in the bill, but it is being abused as a way to avoid providing subsidies to low and middle income Americans and forcing the Federal evaluatepayers to take care of anti-ObamaCare states constituents. This has resulted in a 3.5% fee for insurance companies to sell insurance on the federal exchange. Learn more about the State Run Insurance Exchanges.ObamaCare Cons Tax for Not Buying InsuranceCome 2014, you must obtain insurance or pay a penalty income tax. The first year it is $95 or 1% of your income. In order for the program to work at its best ideally everyone would have insurance resulting in affordable quality insurance for all, the tax helps offset the estimated 6 million people will pay the fine in the first year instead of purchasing insurance.ObamaCare Cons Big Business TaxesMedical device taxes and drug innovator taxes dig into the meshwork of some of the power houses in their respective industries. These taxes are a reaction to the large profit margins these companies have and the hold they have over the competition. They drive up the cost of health care, thus they are taxed to help pay for health care reform. However, taxes on large businesses may have unintended consequences in the military control market and in aspects of the health care industry. We dont have proof of their effects yet.ObamaCare Cons Taxes on the 2%The top 2% of businesses and individuals in the US will pay some extra taxes.You could argue that are closer to the 3% will get hit the hardest because the have the least extra change to stay in the game with so it hurts them more. However, the most vocal opponents and the ones who fund the anti-ObamaCare campaigns are the puffy businesses who dont like regulation , entitlement programs or any tax or program that affects their bottom line. Aside from the above mentioned consequences its important not to make their interests our own.ObamaCare Cons ObamaCare Hurts MedicareObamaCare cuts $716 billion from Medicare and reinvests the money back into the program. Since there is such a big overhaul ObamaCare set up a committee to oversee spending and effectiveness. Due to the sheer volume of reforms some of them, even though well intentioned, are sure to have unintended consequences and need adjusting. Although ObamaCare has already helped tens of millions of seniors save money on drugs and get access to better health care, there are some caveats.ObamaCare is projected to cost $1.1 trillion over the next ten years, and in order for the program to work as intended this is going to include funding from the tax payers and from the States. However, the end result of ObamaCares spending is a $200 billion dollar reduction of the deficit over the next deca de, states also watch between 90 100% of funding for most ObamaCare related programs they set up. A few states, including Nevada and Michigan, have done studies that show how the States can save billions with ObamaCare. health Insurance companies stand to make billions, despite a loss on profit per plan, since they will be insuring millions of new Americans.

Mammon Winery

Mammon Winery, Inc is a wine partnership established by a man with the name Dionysus Mammon, Sr (Mann and Roberts). He was an immigrant from Greece who came to the United States in 1930 (Mann and Roberts). Mammon Sr. founded the follow on a line of non-varietal jug wines (Mann and Roberts). Mammon Winery, Inc. found its strong hold in the market with this specialty line. Later, having finished a degree in enology, the larn of wine making, Dionysus Jr. would join his father in the familiarity.Dionysus jr. began his wine making crusade by convincing his father to branch out and explore other options within the wine making industry (Mann and Roberts). This crude line of exploration was in the form of premium varietal wines. However, in order to be undefeated in this venture, they needed a large increase of capital for purchasing the necessary vineyards (Mann and Roberts). Reluctantly, Dionysus Sr. took the company public and secured the required funds (Mann and Roberts). Forty p er centum of Mammon Winery Inc. became owned by the public (Mann and Roberts). For the first time, outsiders sat in on the board of directors (Mann and Roberts).The issue most concerning Dionysus Sr. in regards to Mammon Winery, Inc. was how to present this new line of premium varietals. To use the Mammon Winery corporate name or to non, was the big debate over the labeling of the nursing bottles (Mann and Roberts). When changing the look and scope of a circumstance line, using the corporate company name could be detrimental to the initial successful take of wines. Dionysus Jr.s want to use a diverse name just as Canadaigua, Gallo, and Mogen David had done, was not an out of the ordinary proposal.It offers protection to the Mammon Winery Inc. from the consumers of the other line attaching the lower class taste to the whole company (Mann and Roberts). Another issue is that Dionysus Jr. wanted to change the size of the wine to a pint rather than leave it in traditional wine bottl e form (Mann and Roberts). The idea was that the easier to carry bottle would be more good-hearted to those in the middle to low economic class. It would make the new line of convergenceion more marketable for the pensioners on a fixed income. Dionysus Jr. was taking the company into a new area in which it could offer a production to the average consumer even if they were not big on drinking wine.Mammon Winery, Inc. proposed to enter a new wine market for lower-end wines, which is due to the increase in whole sales in the fortified wine market. This is an attempt to enter the cheap wine market and cash in on profits that come on with it. The proposal has a target demographic of middle-to-lower class, or pensioners on a fixed income (Mann & Roberts). In order for Mammon Winery, Inc to come from the bottom of the barrel to the crme of the rate replies heavily on several key fundamentals.The winery needs to identify and analyze the important issues of how can they capitalize on pr oducing a cost businesslike product that is entered into a market that is rising, and who is their chief demographic. Mammon Winery, Inc plans to introduce a low-end wine product that is made cheaply and sold by the pint (Mann & Roberts). It is recommended that the product to be sold by the pint to lower the cost, both for the company and consumer. It is planned to use rejected grapes from Mammons premium selection and the filling of their unused energy is expected. In addition, it is noted that any grape is suitable and can insulate the company from bad grape years (Mann & Roberts). Mammon chooses to use less advertising, which allow for press cutting cost, and use wine gurus to entice consumers to their product.The chief demographic is individuals on a fixed income middle-to-low class. On the other hand, it was reported that a competitors lower-end product hit it big with the yuppie crowd of England (Mann & Roberts). The individuals with fixed incomes will find this product a ppealing and convenient.Mammon Winery, Inc. will sell the cheap sugary wine at xviii percent alcohol to retailers. They indicate that the projected audience is the perpetually intoxicated and further indicated that it is against the law to sell alcoholic beverages to the intoxicated hardly state it is not their problem and cannot control what the retailer chooses to do (Mann & Roberts). Mammon Winery, Inc. knowingly sold their product to a target audience of winos and chose to take advantage of the consumer by offering a much more affordable, cheap wine. This can be easily compared to the tobacco companies choosing a target demographic of individuals of non-smoking age by making their product appealing (Mann & Roberts).For instance, both companies are holding back valuable information from the customer. Both products by both companies are addictive and can cause serious wellness issue, but still these companies greatly affect the target audience one way or another. This is because it pays or at least promises to pay (Sullivan 2001). A company may gain something, or may keep from losing something by selling to their target audience or unethically holding back information that may turn away consumers. However, the profit motive holds in both cases. It is noted by Mammon Winery, Inc. that profit margins would be at least ten percent higher(prenominal) on the lower-end product then their other lines (Mann & Roberts).Therefore, the companys urge to branch out in the wine industry by offering a new product is nothing beyond regular business practices. However, their intentional marketing of the product to those suffering from alcoholism or the homeless is an underhanded technique. They race into an ethical conflict as they must now fight their marketing techniques with significant contributions to charities.These charities though, must also be chosen for a reason. Just as the tobacco industry chooses specific charities for good-will projects, so too will Mammon Winery, Inc. Mammon Winery, Inc. will also have to construct both a label and bottle that will effectively promote their new line. However, the targeted audience should not be able to be determined based upon its looks. The price will be adjusted for the targeted consumer, but beyond that, it should not be obvious in its aim. Therefore, the expansion of Mammon Winery Inc. is within reasonable business practices but will have to carefully combat its stated aim at a particular consumer with clever charitable contributions.Works CitedMann, Richard A. and Roberts, Barry S. Mammon Winery, Inc.Sullivan, Evelin. The Concise Book of Lying. 2001

The Pursuit of Self-Identification

In the novel The Jade Peony, author, Wayson Choy, intelligently writes about dickens siblings who shin in the pursuit of self-identification. Their struggles vary as they do not share the same problems during this hardened period of their lives. This leads to the debate, whose churlhood experiences will affect them more as an magnanimous? Although Jook-Liang had to go through the rowdy situation of always being under prioritized and always being undermined, her small fryhood troubles and experiences could never unfeignedly be compared with the experiences of Jung marriage.To put it bluntly, Jung Sums childhood experiences will affect him more as an adult than Jook-Liangs experiences would. The reason for this is because, firstly, Jung Sum, as a child, was never truly showered with turn in, n any was Jook-Liang, but she did not have to offer the inconvenience oneself of losing her birth parents as Jung Sum did. Also, Jung Sum had to experience the pain of losing a treasure d someone or pet multiple propagation, and while Jook-Liang did lose a person close to her heart, she only experient it once.Finally, as some(prenominal) Jook-Liang and Jung Sum struggled with identification, Jung Sum was met with problems while fall uponing his inner identicalness, which was not accepted by every parliamentary law at that period of time. On the other hand Jook-Liang was only required to identify ethnicly which would cause problems but all the sametually allow gain acceptance into at to the lowest degree one society. To rise with, Jung Sum never had the privilege of being showered with love during his childhood and even though Jook-Liang was greatly suppress and unfairly treated by people around her, such as Poh-Poh, she would still ocassionally be love by those surrounding people.This is evident when Poh-Poh helped Jook-Liang to tie her shoelaces while she was getting ready to dance for Wong Suk (Choy 30). As for Jung Sum, although he was only a child , his birth preceptor would violently execration him and his arrest when he was drunk. The quote I waited for Daddy to get up from the kitchen floor, half-drunk, waited for him to beat me with his belt. (Choy 96) clearly shows that Jung Sum had to face the unlucky circumstances of child abuse, something Jook-Liang had the privilege of avoiding as her family never resorted to physical abuse.It would be a scarring memory to be violently abuse by ones own father as a child, a memory that could be carried for a emotional statetime. This whitethorn affect Jung Sum in his latter years as he may discard the abuse of his father and obtain dysfunctional. These unresolved issues could cause a severe case of depression in his manners. Furthermore, as Jung Sum was adopted into a new family, he straightway felt like an outsider. He musical theme I was too weak to be his brother, a real brother, (Choy 93) shows that Jung Sum clearly felt marginalized by his new older brother, Kiam.To be adopted into a family full of new and unfamiliar faces and be rebuked immediately by his own brother was a tough situation to be in, especially after losing both his parents. Jook-Liang did not have to go through the cognitive operation of being adopted into a new family or having to lose her family members prematurely while Jung Sum did. This could possibly go on to affect Jung Sum and seduce him feel as though he had no one to rely on but himself, possibly causing him to have a lack of trust for other people in the future.Additionally, his childhood experiences may lead him to develop into an adult influenced by those experiences. These unresolved child issues could dwell within him and could cause him to either be more aggressive or more reserved as an adult. He may recall those experiences when dealing with his own children in the future and could possibly treat them the same way his own father treated him or otherwise, might not even attempt to have a close kinship with them.As Jook-Liang did not undergo any extreme circumstances of child abuse, she would probably be less touch on as an adult when compared to Jung Sum. Therefore, Jung Sum has a relatively greater impact on his future life-time from his adolescent experiences as his experiences produces permanent scars where the problem was not greatly alleviated afterwards. Another problem face by both of the siblings was with different aspects of identification. Jook-Liang had to struggle with heathenish identification while Jung Sum faced problems with familiar identification.Homosexuality is an unaccepted identification which will not be tolerated by any society back in the 1930s, while switching cultural identities will still allow the person to gain acceptance in at least one society. His sexual identity was first suggested in the novel by Poh-Poh as he says that Jung Sum is the moon (Choy 88). Jung Sum then figures out his own sexual identity as it was hotdog Yuen that he desired most at that moment during Frank Yuens farewell kinda of courage (Choy 138) and that Frank Yuen is the Sun (Choy 132) while he is the moon.Having to figure out his own sexual identity at such a unripened age without any guidance was a hard task as back then love relationships were known to be present only between females and males. In addition, love between the same gender was not only unaccepted in the society, it was greatly rejected. As a result, Jung Sum had to keep his love for the same gender a secret. The inability to reveal his sexual identification would cause him to have the lack of freedom in the pursuit of a preferred life partner.This could affect his happiness as a whole as he is unable to share life experiences in the love aspect of his life as others sanely do because of the inability to express his love for his preferred partner. On the other hand, even though Jook-Liang struggled with her cultural identity, no matter which culture she decides to identify with, she wou ld be still accepted, eventually. Jook-Liangs desire to assimilate into another culture is evidently shown as she looks up to Shirley Temple, an American dancer and actress.Wanting to assimilate into the western culture, she even hoped to see her own reflection in the reverberate possessing a westerners features, specifically, Shirley Temples features (Choy 41). Her struggle comes in as Poh-Poh constantly reminds her of her cultural roots and where she belongs. In the novel, Poh-poh repeatedly tells Jook-Liang that she is not from Canada and that she is from china (Choy 34). In comparison of their situation as they struggle to identify themselves in the different aspect, Jung Sum is clearly portrayed to have a harder time even in the future.Not being able to be what he really is, his future would be oppressed as he suppresses himself, such that his secret would not be revealed. To put on a mask his whole life and never reveal his sexuality will take a toll on his adult life and h e could never truly bring himself to enjoy his life as a whole. Jook-Liangs preference of either culture will still allow her to be accepted and although she may not gain the acceptance of one society, she will still gain the acceptance of another, allowing her to lead a normal life.Thirdly, both parties went through the turmoil of losing their love ones, but Jung Sum had to experience losing many love ones, losing his pose to violence Frank Yuen to the marines and even his pet turtle, Lao Kwei, to Dai Kew. On the other hand, Jook-Liang only had to experience losing her loved one, Wong Suk, as she never saw him again after he left to go back to China (Choy 71). From when Jung Sum was just a kid, life was tough for him as his father would often abuse him and his mother when he was drunk.His mother was the only one who would protect him from harm from his drunk father as Jung Sum would always be waiting for her to tell him to stopand twist against the falling belt and take the blows (Choy 96). Having such a rough childhood is scarring enough for Jung Sum and yet, he lost his mother at that young age. He went through various foster homes and eventually ended up with the subgenus Chen family where he at last found a place called home. In the Chen family, the life for him from the beginning was not exactly hard, as Father and stepmother treated him relatively well.However, he still took time to adapt and at his time with the Chen family, he discovered Lao Kwei and was ecstatic that he could finally own something, having something that he felt that truly belonged to him. Not long after, he lost his beloved turtle as his family decided that it would be O.K. for Dai Kew to claim back his turtle as he required it for his own personal purposes (Choy 85). Next, when he came to visualize that he had a strong attraction to Frank Yuen, it was not long after that he Frank Yuen left him too.As Frank Yuen left to Seattle to join the marines, he left Vancouver and was not e xpected to return for the nigh few years (Choy 134). It is evident that Jung Sum had to experience more pain and suffering than Jook-Liang as he had to repeatedly lose loved ones to different circumstances while Jook-Liang only had to go through that process once. This could cause Jung Sum to gain an insecure mentality that will cause him to always expect the least out of something, possibly causing him to lose hope in many things in the future.Although Jook-Liang may feel sad and depressed about the departure of Wong Suk, she would not have to endure the pain of losing another loved one anytime soon. Coming to a conclusion, both Jook-Liang and Jung Sum had to undergo many challenges and experiences as a child which could affect them as adults. Although Jook-Liang did experience tough trials during her childhood, Jung Sum was a victim of severe turmoil as a child and therefore, his experiences will affect him more as an adult. As a child, Jung Sum never had the opportunity of being showered with love by his own family as Jook-Liang did.Other than that, he also had to experience the pain of losing a loved one or a treasured pet a few times while Jook-Liang only experienced it once. Lastly, his homosexuality was adamantly not accepted by any society in the world at that moment in time while Jook-Liang had to only face the troubles of cultural identification, which still allowed her to be accepted by at least one type of society. All in all, Jung Sum had a tougher childhood experience than Jook-Liang and that would affect his adult life greatly in the future.

Blood Typing Lab

Name_____________________________________ Block__________________ Date_____________________ Forensics Mystery Blood type Lab Scenario Police are called to a house where they discover a body near the endorse door. There is a fresh pool of stemma by the victims head. Officers question the neighbors and get wind that a plumber and an electrician made service calls to the house just hours before. They were able to trace both. They domesticise a shirt with a dark spotlights from the service van of the plumber and rags with similar dark stains from electricians van.Your forensics lab receives the following items to test savour 1 Stained cloth from plumbers van Sample 2 Stained cloth from the electricians van Sample 3 Blood collected from under the victims head Test Background The phenolphthalein test is a highly sensitive, being working capitalable of detecting ancestry spots practically invisible to the eye. In an certain criminal case, a positive phenolphthalein test would be followed by tests to gibe the species that produced the argumentation and if these tests indicate the personal line of credit is human, by tests to determine ABO, Rh and other business groups.There is no point in pursuing write and species identification procedures if the phenolphthalein test is negative. The phenolphthalein test is not absolutely specific for blood because most plants and some tool cells can also cause a positive reaction. Discussion Questions 1. Does a positive phenolphthalein test excavate that a stain is caused by blood? 2. Does a positive phenolphthalein test prove that a stain is caused by human blood? Procedure 1 1. Test the shirt and rags to determine if the stains are caused by blood. 2. Place a drop of phenolphthalein/peroxide solution on separately stain. 3.Observe if a color agitate occurs. A purple-violet color reaction indicates that blood (heme) is stick (positive reaction). Absence of this reaction indicates that blood is not present. 4. m emorialise your results Color reaction for Sample 1_________________________ Color reaction for Sample 2_________________________ Based on the results of this test, which person, the plumber or the electrician be throw ins your prime suspect? ____________________________________________________________________________ Additional Information When confronted, your chief suspect claims to rescue a nosebleed, thus accounting for the blood stain.Investigators have now been able to recover a blood sample (Sample 4 ) from the suspects van. It is suitable for blood typing. You ask and receive a blood sample from the suspect (Sample 5). Proceed to Procedure 2. Test Background Blood groups are created by molecules present on the surface of red blood cells. The table shows the four ABO phenotypes (blood groups) present in the human population. When red blood cells carrying one or both antigens are exposed to the corresponding antibodies, they attach that is, clump together.People usually hav e antibodies against those red cell antigens that they lack. The ABO Blood Groups Blood Group personnel casualty Cell Antigen (Protein on blood cell) Serum Antibody (Produced by Body) A A Anti-B B B Anti-A AB A and B Neither O Neither Anti -A and Anti -B Discussion Questions 1. How do you determine a persons blood type? 2. Can a persons blood type prove or disprove that he/she committed a crime? How? Procedure 2 1. Add a drop of synthetic anti-A (blue) to the well labeled A. Replace cap. . Always replace the cap on the vial before opening the next vial to prevent cross contamination. . Add a drop of synthetic anti-B (yellow) to the well labeled B. Replace cap. 3. Add a drop of synthetic anti-Rh serum (clear) to the well labeled Rh. Replace cap. 4. Using the dropper vial, place a drop of Sample 3 (the victims blood) in separately well of the blood typing slide. DO NOT stir up THE WELL 5. Replace the cap on the dropper vial. 6. Using a different color blend stick for each well (bl ue for anti-A, yellow for anti-B & white for anti Rh), gently stir the synthetic blood and anti-serum drops for 30 seconds.Remember to discard each mixing stick after a single use to annul cross contamination. 7. WAIT 60 Seconds. 8. Carefully examine the thin postulates of liquid mixture left behind. If the film remains uniform in appearance, there is no agglultination (no clumps, negative reaction). If the film as clumps, agglutination has occurred (positive reaction) 9. mark blood type of the sample using the data table below. Answer yes or no as to whether agglutination occurred in each sample. A positive agglutination reaction indicates blood type. 10. Record the results for each blood sample in the data table.Data Table Sample 3 Sample 4 Sample 5 Anti-A Anti-B Rh Blood type 11. Then repeat steps 1-9 for Samples 4 and 5. Record each results on table. 12. Thoroughly rinse the blood typing slides and return all materials. Conclusion Based on your results, did the b lood collected from the suspects van come from the suspect? ____________________________________________________ Could this blood have come from the victim? ____________________________ What can you conclude from your results? (Remember to cite your data). __________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Significance of Privilege

Privilege and its signifi flush toiletcePrivilege is a particular gain or a particular effective which is receiptsable for a specific group and or a peculiar item-by-item while opposite to this the disadvantage means the group who can non bask those improvements or advantages which the particular group is taking as prerogative. In other words, we can state that privilege is a kind of favoritism where one is basking some eudaimonia while the other is non eligible to take that benefit ( Kimberly 73 ) . Bing a male, I think that we should non wait for much(prenominal) jurisprudence or we must non purpose government activity to go through the policies against favoring precisely the whole community must work on it to overturn the construct of favoring. We must hold voice for equality in the society.In article, Michael M. vs. Superior Court of Sonoma County , thither was contention non around the instance just now around the issue. I feel a review against the funny that wh y he charged Michael with statutory colza although it seems a physical colza as it was portrait that Michael pressure Sharon until she submitted for the sex. I felt that Michael must non be charged with physical colza because Sharon was besides responsible for(p) for the whole bad luck. They drank together they left group together, their arousal and their intimacy, it all made the state of affairs of bad luck.By reading this I feel two sorts of privileges were springinessn two Sharon, the first is her sexual practice and the second was age. They twain were guilty, but as Michael was of 18 and Sharon was 17, so Sharon was inner because of her age and Michael was punished merely. Sharon must be punished as she encouraged Michael for this onslaught. This instance is a clear illustration that the privilege is a sort of favoritism. While populating in a same community and society, we do non hold right to cognize apart our closings on the footing of age or grammatical gender. B oth Sharon and Michael must penalize every endorsement because they were every bit responsible for their Acts of the Apostless. It was right determination to bear down him against the statutory colza but the same determination must be taken for the Sharon as she motivated Michael for the sex.In the instance amongst Mcleskey V. Kemp, the issue was raised that on the footing of the races, black adult male are punished more(prenominal) often as compared to the white one ( Mcleskey 1 ) . We have a clear white privileged over the black disadvantaged in the society of USA. This instance can besides back up my sentiment that privilege is favoritism. While populating in a same society, why two people or group of people is been handling otherwise. White privilege is a set of benefits that white can avail in the same economic, political and social fortunes but the inkinesss can non avail. This set of benefit includes greater societal position, cultural avowals, and freedom to purchase, drama, move, speak and work freely. White privilege is a sort of racism. I do non state that white people deliberately or accidentally do this favoritism or put up the black one, but they are unfamiliar with their white-color privilege.It is wholly at opportunity that single will be treated as a alone human being but taking into histories the race of a victim or suspect while make up ones minding that if punishment of decease should be imposed. Further, Mcleskey is right that in malice of sing race or colour, it is better to see that what quality does those single posses ( Mcleskey 8 ) . Two people may belong to same race but their qualities will be distinguishable so in order to convey equality in society, it is of import to detect every individual separately non with the race.By his statements we can state that handling two people otherwise with response to his or her race is besides a privilege for one who will be treated as retentivity good race over the 1 who is non good in the oculus of judge. In another manner, we can state that this is a racial favoritism where 1 is acquiring benefit over the other. This is why, it is my sentiment that privilege is a sort of favoritism.By taking another illustration of instance held between Rostker v. Goldberg, which was on the determination of the U.S lordly Court keeping that the pattern of necessitating merely work forces to register for the plug-in of exchange was constitutional. Robert challenged the bill of exchange enrollment policy of U.S.A. and suit against the manager of Selective service system named Bernard Rostker. After the judicature Sessionss, it announced that it was legal to register merely work forces for the bill of exchange.Then Robert L. Goldberg challenged in the courtyard that the gender unalikeiation is unconstitutional for this jurisprudence as it is only men . After 6 to 3 determinations, U.S Supreme tribunal announced that neither this is gender favoritism nor this Act violated the equal protection of Torahs. At the terminal tribunal decided that this Act would remain passed as it is. Although the tribunal does non alter its determination but it is a clear gender based determination where merely work forces will be merely at that place to register for the bill of exchange.In article Overcoming Racism in Environmental s summitping point , Bullard said that there is a large societal job that is economic and racial minorities are forced to digest the economic loads. Bullard claimed that this environmental unfairness violates societal, geographic, and procedural equity.He besides proposed five introductoryss of environmental justice to authorities that how to rectify the job.Bullard said that in order to extinguish the ailments of sexism and racism from the society, it is of import to take favoritism from top to down. It can be done by sing the jobs and demands of disadvantaged where necessary and with remarking and reconstituting the universe where would see t hat how to give benefit to the disadvantaged. Through his survey, it seems clearly that he has believed in it that there is favoritism among different races. I am besides in the same sentiment that society trades different races otherwise which is doing a major travel in the societal ailments. In order to take the societal ailments from the society, it is of import to extinguish favoritism. Bullard survey is sincerely important because of his environmental justness manikin. There should be no forfeit zones but environmental justness for all.In my sentiment, privilege is merely critical for jurisprudence. The privilege is critical if sound licit exhortation is to be presumptuousness in every field. It has a profound centrality in practically every circumstance where lawful counsel is looked for whether it is refering corporate and concern minutess, to household connexions, or to civil prosecution condemnable accusals. Family insider facts, organisation privileged penetrations, p eculiar defects and injudiciousnesss all must now and once more be uncovered to the attorney by the client. Without this benefit clients could neer be existent and equip all the important informations that must be given to legal counsellors on the off opportunity that they are to lawfully cheer their clients. It is a constituent that is both indispensable and to a great grade paramount to the working of the lawful model. It is a consequence of the basic essentiality of the benefit that the burden lawfully rests upon those looking to put aside the benefit to legalize doing such a notable pace.Customer lawful privilege ( CLP ) , often alluded to as legitimate proficient benefit , is a typical jurisprudence right that exists to procure the organisation of equity and the right of people and different elements/associations to get secret counsel about their legitimate fortunes. It secures legitimate advocate given by an lawyer to his or her client ( exhortation benefit ) and interchan ges associating to genuine or mulled over suit or tribunal minutess ( prosecution benefit ) . The best possible organisation of equity obliges that clients can talk uninhibitedly and evidently with their lawyer, without dismay of bring outing any informations pertinent to the lawful counsel they are looking for. It is good comprehended that, without the benefit, legitimate incidents may be postponed or even lost as legal advisers will be unable to suitably talk to their client, or convey pertinent affairs to the consideration of the tribunal. Guaranting pragmatism and genuineness in such correspondences is critical, on the evidences that we live in a complex public sentiment and our Torahs and lawful model are on juncture exceptionally muddled. It is in the public oculus s investing that persons ( numeration organisations ) look for legitimate exhortations about their issues and in looking for counsel dont hesitate to unveil all important certainties. The multilateral quality of these Torahs is coupled with spread outing dependance on swelled head ordinance by the group, for case the self rating agreement of appraisal.

Internal Sanctions

One of John Stewart dweebs focuses in his book Utilitarianism, is that utilitarianism has all the sanctions of other righteous systems. Events or excuses that people accept as permission to strain with a choice. These sanctions derive from a wide spectrum of different approvals, usually built upon moral preference. Mill is able-bodied to categorize every human license into exist internal and external sanctions, and believes that it is possible to change your moral selection.External sanctions exist distant of the individual, independent of his mind. They may take the form of peer pressure, the charge of disapproval, or the fear of god. inwrought sanctions stem from unmatcheds conscience. These consist of feelings like discomfort or joy when one realizes the consequences of a decision. These feelings can influence actions, especially if ones moral nature is particularly sophisticated. Internal sanctions often prove to be more powerful than any external sanctions because they do require more emotional attention.Because these forces be often based on individual morals and duty, there is no primer coat that they cant be changed to support utilitarian principles. Some philosophers suggest that individuals are more probably to follow moral principles if the see them as object fact, rather than subjective feelings. Mill observes that regardless of what a person believes the root of a moral principle to be, his ultimate motivation is always subjective feeling. Mill focuses on if the feeling of duty is innate or implanted, mostly because this area is so confusing.To try and project how both of these sanctions would affect choice, it could be explained as follows If a religious leader, government professional or prise philosopher was to suggest to society that all our current morals were wrong and it was the purpose of humans to promote paroxysm among men, would society be able to change? People must be capable of internalizing this extraneous command, and bring over their conscience that it is morally acceptable. But could a person force his mind to accept such a drastic and dramatic change?Mill would way that is most definitely possible, especially for this example. People could substantially be educated and socialized and develop the internal sanctions to promote suffering, but they would be artificial feelings. Since these emotions are not particularly a part of human nature or experience, the society would end up reacting more on external sanctions, with internal reactions. Sanctions are something we constantly unconsciously use to make decisions. Whether it is outside or inside forces that compel us to make a decision, our morals are the mold.

Clean India For A Green India Essay

When the last tree is cut and the last fish killed, the last river poisoned, then you will peck that you cant eat money. -John MayThe sluttish-India ProgrammeIndia has a population of over one billion, of which around 300 million live in around 600 t avers and cities. Unfortunately, as a result of stressed environmental conditions, most of these towns and cities ar unable to cope with the rapid pace of urbanisation. water pollution, unavailability of drinking water, hapless sanitation, open dumping of go down on, and loss of forest cover atomic number 18 some of the related problems. These countenance undecomposed consequences on the wellness of the hoi polloi and are besides an economic burden to the country. Similarly, water-borne disease like diarrhoea, bitterness and cholera are taking a heavy toll on both human health and economic productivity. This situation demands immediate intervention in the management of rapidly growing urban environmental problems. The timbe r of the environment needs to be monitored regularly and, more importantly, scientific work needs to scarper beyond the laboratory and become more community centered.While the regulatory agencies continue to play their role. Programmes that are community based are required. These will help the community understand local issues and take needful initiatives to improve their local environmental conditions and come up with new locale-specific initatives to improve their sorrounding environmental conditions. CLEAN-India (Community Led surroundings Action Network) programme was launched by Development Alternatives (DA) with the vision of developing a cleaner environment for our urban centres. This nation-wide programme managementes on environmental assessment, awareness, advocacy and action on school children who are the future citizens. The underlined acknowledgement is that each one of us is responsible for the current state of are environment and we cannot wait for mortal else to solve it.CLEAN-India MissionThe CLEAN-India programme aims to mobilise community responsibility for environmental assessment and improvement in all major towns and cities of India through schools and NGOs linked with governments, profession, academic and other institutions.CLEAN-India NetworkCLEAN-India programme partners with more than 30 like-minded NGOs, 400 schools and over one million students who coordinate the activities crossways 78 urban centres of India. They get into in various environmental activities and programmes for a cleaner greener India.CLEAN-India Thematic Areas urine quality and conservation sanitization Land use and biodiversity conservation Water conservation Air quality Energy efficiency nose candy footprint Climate convinceCLEAN-India has evolved with the get downs and learnings from the various initiatives it has taken in the ult fifteen years. It is now a front runner in the field of conservation and sustainable living. CLEAN-India programme evolv ed from DAs experience with the Delhi Environment Action Network (DEAN) programme, which began in September1996 with five schools. Over 4000 children have now been trained like a shot on environmental assessment and improvement activities. Action programmes to improve local environmental conditions have been initatiated. material waste management, plantation suffers, energy conservation, paper recycling, etc., are some activities done by the schools, Resident public assistance Associations (RWAs), business and industrial associations and individual households. This experience indicates that when environment assessment is youth and community based, it mobilises the community to inspection their local environment conditions and take the requisite measures without waiting for external support. CLEAN-India has around 30 partner NGOs who drive the CLEAN-India initiative in their urban centres.The endeavour has been well received in these areas. Many more NGOs from across the country have expressed interest to initiate the CLEAN-India programme in their own cities and towns. Over the past decade, the programme has mobilised an extensive network of environmentally conscious citizens. They have assumed responsibility and evolved solutions to their quick environmental problems. Besides the core network of 30 NGOs, thousands ofschool teachers and several other citizens groups like RWAs, parents fora, local business associations and youth clubs participate actively in the activities. The programme covers various aspects pertaining to our environment like water, air, trees and medicinal plants, waste management (composting, waste paper recycling), checking for food adulteration, bird watching, energy conservation, eco-consumerism.The CLEAN-India Programme isUnique because it involves children and yougth, the future citizens as engines of change Scientific as it is equipped with scientific tools, methods and techniques Innovative as it has a structured mannequin with flexibility to address the local needs Inclusive as it joins hands with all stakeholdersHolistic as it addresses the entire value chain from assessment to solutions Regular in creating an environmental movement combining hands-on scientific learning with civic action Effective because it creates Eco-Citizens for tomorrow Recognising the potential of the CLEAN-India Programme, the Central Pollution tick Board (CPCB) has signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Development Alternatives to mutually assist and strengthen existing initiatives of community based environmental action in India. This collaboration was aimed at mobilising the school network for ceaseless monitoring of environmental quality and motivating communities to initiate activities for clean neighbourhoods.Similarly, CLEAN-India is partnering relationships with business and industry associations and entities like the federation of Indian Industries (CII), Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Indus try (FICCI), Society for Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM), cover Motors and also with academic institutions like the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), and Indian Institute of Science (IISc).CLEAN-India Tools Jal-TARA Water Testing Kit helps monitor the quality of drinking water. Pawan-TARA Air Testing Kit helps assess the quality of the air we breathe. Jal-TARA Water Filter provides safe drinking water by treating pathogenic bacteria and turbidity. TARA miniskirt Paper Recycling objectt recycles waste paper generated in schools and communities which enable us to make our ownstationary.Achievements/ Milestones CLEAN Dindigul recieved the JCB Confederation of Indian Industries (CII)-Andhra Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation (APTDC) second runner up confront for excellence in straight waste management in 2011. CLEAN-India website won the Manthan-AIF Award for best e-content on environment in 2006. A CLEAN-Shillong (ex-CLEAN-In dia Centre) student was selected by Reuters for the Johannesburg Meet in 2000. The first DEAN CLEAN Mela was held in 1998 and included an exhibition, competitions, quiz and a public forum CLEAN-India students participated in international conferences in Edinburgh, UK and Nairobi, Kenya in 1997 and 1998. Tony Blair, Prime Minister of Britain interacted with a CLEAN-India student in Edinburgh, UK in 1997. DA was nominated as the central agency for Earth Charter for Children, South Asia. Few of our Resource Centres have helped us translate it into 6 regional languages also. We have released posters, brochures and one book on all the languages in ninth CLEAN-India Meet in 1995. Tree helpline started by Delhi disposal. PIL in Supreme Court for protection of greens / trees. A number of projects have been catalysed with agencies such as UNICEF, Water Aid, Department of Science and Technology, MoEF and Delhi Government. CLEAN-India is a part of an International young alliance Be the So lution.Support for CLEAN-India European Commission Delhi Government Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India Ministry of Water Resources, Government of India State Governments Central Pollution Control Board Respective State Pollution Control Boards august Netherlands Embassy Foundation Ensemble Ford Motors Jocknick FoundationSuccess Stories A Solid Waste Management Plan for Jhansi is being developed in collaboration with the Municipal Corporation of Jhansi and Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board. Ten deflouridation filters were provided by the manufacturer and 70 filters have been organise up with the initiative of CLEAN members by Rural Water Supply Department, Government of Andhra Pradesh. CLEAN-India Delhi Chapter initiated and facilitated in setting up of a tree helpline. CLEAN-India Mysore Chapter has networked with Mysore City Corporation for solid waste management. They have also networked with a womens Self Help Group (SHG), to convert all resource campa ign material into mats and other decorative items. CLEAN-India Pune Chapter was successful in the Eco-visarjan campaign. The authorities banned the use of idols make of plaster of paris painted with toxic colours. Unbaked clay idols were made available and proper arrangements were made for immersions. CLEAN-India Dindigul Chapter has set up a residual recycling plant in tanneries as an outcome result of a campaign by school students.Harnessing Youth Power Way AheadYoung people take a shit a large part of the worlds population. India has the largest youth population in the world. Nearly 40 per cent of the Indian population is aged between 13 to 35 years, and are defined as youth in the National Youth Policy.A large population, especially young people and children, are particularly vulnerable to environmental risks, for example, access to clean and safe drinking water. In addition, young people will have to live with the consequences of current environmental actions and decisions ta ken by their elders. Future generations will also be affected by these decisions and the extent to which they have been addressed. Their concerns would be on depletion of resources, the loss of biodiversity, and radioactive wastes.Youth have both special concerns and special responsibilities in relation to the environment. Young people will occupy in new forms of action and activism that will generate effective responses to environmental challenges. CLEAN-India will now focus on youth and provide them with an opportunity to associate with it. It will direct their efforts towards eliciting a positive change in urban society.In the past 16 years of its existence, CLEAN-India has traversed a long way in pursuit of its mission to mobilise community responsibility for environmental assessment and improvement, which has also earned it numerous laurels from both within as well as beyond its shores. But a greater opportunity of work and engagement still awaits our footsteps and we are comm itted to take it further in the years to come

Above the Line Advertising Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Above the Line Advertising - Research Proposal moralIn the last decennium, a lot of research has been dedicated to conceptualizing and measuring customer-based brand equity. However, apart from set forth various influencing factors, no integrative fabric has so far been developed to account for the labyrinthian psychological processes underlying the formation of customer-based brand equity. In this context, this paper attempts to propose such a framework by drawing on the theory of the Elaboration Likelihood Model. (Kotler, 1997) This simple reason as to why ATL marketing is not used at all, or not used beyond the launch of a product, by popular brands is that these brands need to retain exclusivity in terms of the outreach and target audience that they are provide to. This generally implies a younger crowd which is constantly on the lookout for things that define their personalities in the almost unique way, and in ways that they will not find anywhere else. Implications for A dvertising Agencies A decade or so ago, branding meant little to people. bulls eyeing until then simply involved designing a logo or creating a corporate profile that will help identify it and differentiate it from separate brands. In the past decade, things on the branding front have undergone a sea change collectable to above the line advertising. There is now a strong emphasis on brand building through the explicit communication of a vision in the whole organization where strong brands are more than mere trademarks that people recognize. In the generation of a branding idea and implementation of the uniform to build a brand profile, organizations behind the strong brands have managed to build a brand identity. Brand identity should help establish a relationship between the brand and the customer by generating a value proposition involving functional, emotional or self-expressive benefits (Aaker 1991).